John Cleland was born in England in 1709. He attended Westminster School where he achieved King's Scolar in 1722. He was later employed in the British Consular service at Smyrna and in 1736 he worked for the East India company in Bombay, Inda. By 1746 he was back in England but the world evidently turned against him as he soon found himself serving a prison term in Fleet debtor's prison.
While in prison John Cleland composed one of the longest banned, most reprinted, most well-known novel in history, Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure (also known as Fanny Hill). And he wrote the story not for monetary gain (Cleland in fact earned only 21 pounds), and not because he particularly liked erotica, but he wrote it largely because he was bored sitting in prison day after day.
In November of 1748 Thomas Parker printed for publisher Ralph Griffiths {who used the pseudonym G. Fenton) the first volume of Cleland's Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure, with the second volume following in February of 1749. By Novemer of the same year a warrant was issued for the arrest of Thomas Parker, Ralph Griffiths and John Cleland. However, it appears the case for obscenity was never pursued against the three men.
One of the earliest verifiable prosecutions against Fanny Hill in the United States occured in 1819 against printer/publisher Peter Holmes (Commonwealth v. Peter Holmes, 17 Mass. 335). The court found the illustrated book to be lewd and obscene and so fined Peter Holmes $300 plus court costs of $75.53, and ordered him to post a $500 bond. Shortly thereafter in April of 1820 Stillman Howe was sentenced to one day solitary confinement and 6 months hard labor for selling copies of what appear to be the same edition. It wasn't until 1966 (Memoirs v. Massachusetts, 383 U.S. 413) that the 1819 finding was overturned due to the new definition of obscenity defined eleven years prior in the 1957 case Roth v. United States 354 U.S. 476
On April 11, 1779 James Boswell speaks of meeting nearly 70 year old Cleland: "Found him, in an old house in the Savoy, just by the waterside. A coarse, ugly old man for his servant. His room, filled with books in confusion and dust was like Dupont's and old Lady Eglinton's, at least old ideas were suggested to me as if I were in a castle. He was drinking tea and eating biscuits. I joined him. He had a rough cap like Rousseau, and his eyes were black and piercing...A sly, old malcontent". John Cleland died 10 years later in London.
The checklist covers only those English editions published between 1748 and 1950. The first 4 entries are listed in exact order of publication, regardless of title page year, based on David Foxon's research. The remaining entries in the checklist are sorted by the year shown on the title page, even though the edition may have been published later; and where that's known it will be noted in brackets. If the title page lacks a year but an estimated date of publication is known the estimated date is used. Those titles without a date and without an estimated publication date are listed at the end of the checklist.
[First Edition]. 12mo. [156mm x 95mm.]. 2 volumes. Vol.1: [1-3] 4-227 [228 blank]; Vol.2: [1-3], 4-255 [256 blank]. 25 lines of type per page except for Volume 1 at pp. 194-227, which contains 29 lines each page. Volume 2 contains two paragraphs describing a homosexual encounter observed by Fanny at pp.177-179. Printed by Thomas Parker.
The first volume is believed to have been first published in Nov. 1748; with the second volume being published in Feb. 1749.
(Foxon: p.60, A. British Library: P.C.27.a.44. Bibliothèque Nationale: ENFER-288 and 289)
12mo. [164mm x 94mm.]. pp. [i-vi] [I] 2-273 [274 blank]. Printed on laid paper. 2 headpieces.
Published in the form of 11 letters (the last mislabled 'XV'), this is Cleland's rework of the original and does not contain the sexual details found in the first edition. Reprinted by William Dugdale [London: H. Smith, 1841] as Memoirs of the Life of the celebrated Miss Fanny Hill
(Foxon: p.60 (description of Dingwall copy). British Library: C.133.a.9. Bibliothèque Erotique Gérard Nordmann, Christies Sale #5447 / Lot 134, December 14, 2006]
12mo. [158mm x 97mm.]. Vol.1: [1-3] 4-228 [228 blank]; Vol.2: [1-3], 4-250 [?251-2 blank]. 28 lines of type on all pages. 2 frontispieces and 8 hand-colored mezzotints in each volme.
The ornament on the title page is similar, not identical, to the first edition. The homosexual passage is also omitted in this edition. Foxon states the frontis in volume 1 is probably a later insertion or replacement. The basic design of the plates is the same as some of the engravings attributed to Gravelot in a 1766 edition. Only 2 copies are known to exist: The British Library and in the Nordmann collection.
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.65 #1. Foxon: p.60, B. British Library: P.C.27.a.44. Eros invaincu: 53. Bibliothèque Erotique Gérard Nordmann, Christies Sale #5445 / Lot 94, April 27, 2006)
12mo. [170mm x 105mm.]. Vol.1: [1-3] 4-228 [228 blank]; Vol.2: [1-3], 4-250 [?251-2 blank]. 28 lines of type on all pages.
The homosexual passage is omitted in this edition. Even though even an estimated publication date is unknown, I placed this entry in this position because Foxon argues that this edition was probably published after 'B'.
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.65. Foxon: p.60, C. British Library: P.C.27.a.44)
20cm. xi + 325pp. 10 plates. Printed by Unsinger.
The copy described in Mansell lacks plates. The two homosexual paragraphs omitted from all early editions printed after the first edition are included in this present copy as a footnote. The only modern edition known to have printed the paragraphs in their correct place was published at Paris by Maurice Girodias, Obelisk Press, 1950).
(Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1888. British Library: P.C.27.a.33. Bibliothèque Nationale: ENFER-124. Mansell: NC0475654)
8vo. 2 volumes. Vol 1: 1-152pp w/13 engravings; Vol 2: 1-167pp w/18 engravings. Engravings attributed to Hubert Franccois Gravelot (1699-1773).
(British Library: P.C.30.k.27)
12mo. 2 volumes. Continuous pagination. 307pp. including title page. Volume 1 ends at p.146. Half-title reads Memoirs of a ***** of ********.
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.65 #2)
19cm. 2 volumes.
(NY Public Library: XM-3123 (microfilm))
12mo. 2 volumes. Vol.1: 172pp. Vol.2: 187pp.
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.66 #3)
12mo. 2 volumes. Vol.1: 154pp. Vol.2: 168pp. 12(?) engravings.
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.66 #4)
12mo. 2 volumes Vol.1: 132pp.; Vol.2: 144pp.
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.66 #5. British Library: P.C.31.f.27)
In-12 (177 x 104 mm). 2 volumes in one. Vol.1: [13]-130pp. Vol.2: 128pp. 24 engravings hors-texte, done in color (2 frontispieces, 1 title page, 9 plates in volume 1, 12 plates in volume 2)
The etchings are done in the style of the Cruikshanks. Although the pagination starts at 13, the book appears to be complete.
( Eros invaincu: 54. Bibliothèque Erotique Gérard Nordmann, Christies Sale #5445 / Lot 95, April 27, 2006)
In-12 (177 x 104 mm). 2 volumes in one. Vol.1: [13]-130pp., 1 frontispiece, 1 engraved title-page, 7 illustrations. Vol.2: 128pp. 8 illustrations; all hors-texte in color
(Bibliothèque Erotique Gérard Nordmann, Christies Sale #5445 / Lot 136, December 14, 2006)
20cm. 23pp. 3rd edition. The edition statement appears at the head of the t.p. Running title "The life of Miss Fanny Hill".
Later published by William Dugdale in 1830 under the same title.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.70, #19; British Library: P.C. 31.f.24)
18cm. 299pp. Frontispiece + plates.
(Yale: Im C589 749Md)
12mo. 2 volumes. Vol.1: 159pp. Vol.2: 176pp. 18 plates. Ashbee is not certain of the wording of the title.
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.67 #7)
18cm. 173pp. 9 plates.
(Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1830)
12mo. Engraved title page. Ashbee thinks there were probably plates.
Per Ashbee this was sold openly and is therefore a castrated edition. Previously published by T. Broom under this title in c.1810.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.70, #19; British Library: P.C. 31.f.24. Bodleian: Douce FF 73)
12mo. 2 volumes. Vol.1: 131pp. Vol.2: 144pp. Number of engravings unknown. 2 emblematical, engraved title-pages. The Bibliothèque Nationale Library has an edition that matches this one except "2 tomes en un vol" [ENFER-1581].
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.67 #8)
Large 12mo. 2 volumes. 120pp. and 135pp. 25 colored engravings and consist of 12 small inserted in-text and 13 large, including an engraved title page.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.68, #10)
13cm. 2 volumes in 1. Continuous pagination. 157pp. total. Vol.2 (p. [91]-157) has separate title page. 9 leaves of plates.
(AAS: Z770 C624 M832)
12mo. 207pp. 8 colored engravings.
An abridged reprint of the 1750 edition.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.69, #15. British Library: 805.b.1)
12mo. 2 volumes. Continuous pagination. 284pp. Lithographic plates.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.71, #20)
8vo. 2 vols. in one, with volume 1 ending at p.80 and volume 2 beginning with p.97 and ending in p.173. 20 colored lithographs.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.68, #12)
19cm. 325pp.
Possibly published by Brancart.
(Mendes: 38-C)
17cm. 2 vols. in one. Continuous pagination. 125pp. [Ashbee gives 120pp]. Portrait of Fanny as frontispiece + 7 colored lithographs.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.70, #16. Cambridge: Waddleton.d.9.531. UCLA: PR3348.C65 M55 1870. Princeton: Robert H. Taylor Collection, 18th-95)
18cm. 291pp. Limited edition of 250 copies. 2 illustrations (possibly 12).
The copy described in Mansell lacks plates.
(Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1889. Mansell: NC0475655)
21.5cm. No signatures. Continuous pagination. Vol.1: 1-139pp. Vol.2: 140-291pp. Limited edition of 100 copies.
Mendes strongly believes this is a US production "antedated possibly by up to 30 or 40 years".
(Mendes: 38-A. Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1889b)
8vo. viii + 319pp. A reprint of Liseux's 1888 edition.
(Bibliothèque Nationale: ENFER-110)
18.5cm. 2 volumes. Vol.1: [3]-154pp. Vol.2: [157]-325pp.
Printed and published by Berge, Rotterdam. A reprint of Liseux's 1890 edition.
(Mendes: 38-B)
19cm. 125pp. 8 colored plates.
(British Library: YA.1999.a.941)
Small 8vo. 112pp. Published by Augustin Brancart.
(From catalogue of Mr. J.B. Rund)
17.5cm. 307pp.
(Mendes: 38-D)
17cm. 2 volumes. Vol.1: [9]-181pp. Vol.2: [187]-374pp. Possibly printed in Amsterdam for Brancart and/or Van Crombrugge.
(Mendes: 38-E)
8vo. 319pp. Printed on glossy wove paper. 12 etchings tipped-in, which were originally issued as a separate portfolio.
(Mendes: 38-H. Biblioth?que Nationale: RES P-Y2-322. Kinsey: 833.7 S12 v4F 1902)
17cm. 2 volumes. [pagination of Vol.1 unknown]; Vol.2: [5]-191.
(Mendes: 38-F)
18.5cm. 1 volume. 212pp.
(Mendes: 38-G)
18cm. 2 volumes.
(Library of Congress: PR3348.C65 M45 1901)
21cm. 239pp. At head of title page: Privately issued. Printed by Veuve Félix Guy et Cie on wove paper. The Kinsey copy has 1 frontispiece and 11 tipped in plates on smooth glossy paper after Paul-Emile Bécat. Title page in red and black.
(Kinsey: E 823.6 C62 f2 1907. Cornell: PR3348.C65 M5 1907)
21cm. 235pp. Limited edition of 250 copies. 47 plates, some in color.
According to the entry in Kinsey some of the plates are from Gamiani, some are from the classics of old Japan.
(Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1907b. Mansell: NC0475657)
24cm. vi + 287pp. No plates?
(Stanford: PR3348 .C62 F2 1907. Rhodes: PR3348.C65 M45 1907B)
22.5cm. No signatures. 249pp. Limited edition of 500 copies, of which 10 are printed on Japansese vellum and 490 on hand-made paper. 12 full-page plates, two headpiece illustrations and one portrait, all in photogravure, done by Paul Avril.
(Mendes: 38-M. Importante Bibliothèque d'Ouvrages Érotiques: Hotel Drouot, Salle No.13, 1987, #49)
24cm. 268pp. Limited edition of 350 copies. In the Kinsey copy: 12 photographic reproductions of pen and ink drawings with wash laid in book. Kinsey has a second copy with 6 plates.
(Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1911. Mansell: NC0475658)
19cm. 312pp. Printed on cheap paper.
(Mendes: 38-J)
20.5cm. 2 volumes. Vol.1: 154pp. Vol.2: 168pp. All text pages enclosed in a blue ornamental frame. Limited edition of 300 copies. 12 full-page color photogravure plates by Paul Avril [1/22/06 - A copy at Argosy Book Store contains 15 plates w/tissue guards].
Note: The entry in Kinsey states that, per Reade, the plates are by Paul-Emile Becat, when in fact Reade does not state who the plates are by (See: Reade 913). The identity of the artist is from the website of Hans Jurgen Dopps.
(Mendes: 38-N. Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1919. Website: Venusberg [Hans Jurge Dopps] http://www.venusberg.de/)
19cm. 312pp. Limited edition of 200 copies. Printed on better paper than above. Possibly published by Duflou.
(Mendes: 38-K. Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1911b)
16.5cm. 2 volumes. Vol.1: 160pp. Vol.2: [163]-333pp. Limited edition of 35 copies printed on hand-made paper. 12 photogravure plates in two states: b/w and sanguine. Numerous headpieces.
The plates were first used to illustrate Charle's Hirsch's French translation of '1906' [c.1926].
(Mendes: 38-L)
20cm. 211pp. 12 [colored?] plates. Limited edition of 700 copies?
(Kinsey: 823.6 C62 f2 1929. Columbia: B824C589 T33 1929. Princeton: 3679.54.367)
12mo. 2 volumes. Vol.1: 132pp.; Vol.2: 144pp.
Ashbee states this edition is "evidently of the last century".
(Ashbee: Vol.3, p.67 #6. Bibliothèque Nationale: ENFER: 284, 285 and 286)
12mo. 2 volumes in 1. Vol.1: 212pp. 5 b/w aquainte engravings: pp. 61, 79, 82, 102 and 201; Vol.2: 237pp. Errors in pagination: pages 176-177, 180-181, 184-185 and 188-189 are repeated. 3 b/w aquainte engravings: pp. 58, 120 and 167. 27 lines per page, no running head.
Not in Foxon or Ashbee. Some of the illustrations are from the 1760 edition but in reverse.
(Bibliothèque Erotique Gérard Nordmann, Christies Sale #5445 / Lot 137, December 14, 2006)
8vo. No signatures. 2 vols. in one. Continuous pagination. 144pp. 8 colored woodcuts.
(Ashbee: Vol.3 p.70, #18)